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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. O. BLIOKENSDBRFER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.-

No. 459,093. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

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No. 459,093. Patented Sept. 8, 1-891.

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A TJURNL- 11S (No Model.) 'ZSheets-Sheet 6. G. O. BLIOKENSDERFER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 459,093. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

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G. G. BLICKENSDERPER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 459,093. Patented Sept. 8, I891.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE C. BLICKENSDERFER, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THEBLICKENSDERFER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,093, datedSeptember 8, 1891.

Application filed April 25, 1891.

T aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE CQBLICKENS- DERFER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in TypelVriting Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable 0thtoers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to type-writers, and particularly to that class ortype of such machines as have an axiallyanoving type-wheel which ispropelled against the platen to impress the type; and it consists incertain improvements in the construction and operation thereof, as willbe hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the following claims.

Reference is bad to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is aplan View of a typewriting machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is asectional elevation showing papercarriage roller andunderscoring,canceling, or like devices, taken on the line 22 in Fig.Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the same, said parts in both said figuresbeing drawn to an enlarged scale. Fig. at is a diagrammatic sideelevation showing key-lever eccentric, ratchet-wheel for thetype-wl'leel, stop-pawls for said ratchetwheel, and tumbler-actuatingmechanism between the key-lever, rack, and actuating bar or bail for oneof said pawls, said parts being shown in their normal position. Fig. 5is a like view showing said parts in the position assumed by them whenthe type-wheel is making an impression. Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofkey-levers and actuating mechanism for variously raising the typewheelon its shaft to bring different fields or rows of letters or charactersinto action. Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly sectional, on the line 7 inFig. 1, of the machine. Fig. 8 is a like View on the line 8 in Fig. 1,and shows the feeding mechanism for the paper-carriage in elevation.Fig. 9 is an elevation, partly in section, of the feeding mechanism forsaid earriage under control of the spacer-bar for spacing between words.Fig. 10 is a plan of typewheel and part of inking device or rollerSerial No. 390,488. (No model.)

therefor. Fig. 11 is a cross-section, partly in elevation, of themachine on the line 11 11 in Fig. 1. Fig. 12 is a sectional sideelevation of a preferred form of inking device for the type-wheel. Fig.13 is a perspective view of the standard for supporting said inkingdevice. Fig. 11 is an elevation,looking from the right of Fig. 1,drawnto an enlarged scale, of type-wheel, its shaft, concentric and eccentricratchet-wheels therefor, limiting-pawls for the eccentricratchet-wheels, and actuating mechanism for said parts. Fig. 15 is aplan of said concentric ratchet-wheel. Figs. 16 and 17 are like views ofthe eccentric ratchet-wheel with pawls, type-wheel shaft with pin- 6 5ion, and segmental racks, showing the same in two different positions.Fig. 18 is a perspective, looking from the front left corner of Fig. 1,showing more plainly the relative position of the segmental racks,eccentric ratchetwheel, stop-pawls for the latter, and tumblers for theactuating mechanism for the racks, one of said pawls, and for propellingthe typewheel to the roller or platen. Fig. 19 is a vertically sectionalelevation, looking from the rear of Fig. l, partly broken away, of animproved form of paper-carriage. Fig. 20 is a like elevation showing thecarriage in connection with its feeding mechanism and the paper-holdingrollers in a raised position. 8o Fig. 21 is an elevation, looking fromthe front of Fig. 1, of the paper-carriage detached from the machine andshowing its parts in their normal position; and Fig. 22 is a sideelevation of part of the feeding mechanism for the S5 papeucarriage rolldetached from the carriage. Fig. 23 is a perspective view of thecarriage-actuating ratchet mechanism; Fig. 2-1:, a side elevation, on alarger scale than that shown in Fig. 8, of the paper-carriage 9oactuating shaft, and the pawls for actuating said shaft, and part of theactuating mechanism for said pawls; Fig. 25, a section on line 25 25,Fig. 2i, and on an enlarged scale, of part of the mechanism undercontrol of the 5 spacer-bar for actuating the shaft that moves thepaper-carriage; .aud Fig. 26, a perspective of the pawl which is underthe control of the type key-levers to actuate the shaftthat moves thepapcr-carriage. Io

A represents the frame or housing of the machine, which may be of anoblong or other desired configuration required, having preferably anopen front a for the key-board end I) of the key-levers B, and at ornear its rear end a a transverse open way or bed a through which slidesthe paper-carriage C, said frame or housing being suitably connected bytransverse bars a a, adj acnt to its front end.

The paper-carriage 0 maybe of any desired construction; but for purposesof my invention I prefer the form shown, which consists of a base 0,composed of two paralled bars 0 7c, united by cross-bars or uprightbrackets 0 c and from which depends a rack 0 The bars 0 c are preferablyround in cross-section and are preferably supported on grooved rollers c0 suitably mounted in the bed or way a on each side of the same, so thatthe carriage O can be moved with as little frictional resistance aspossible. If desired to prevent any tendency of the carriage C raisingfrom its roller-supports a 0 an additional roller or rollers 0 may bemounted on one or both of the sides of the way a to contact with theupper side of one of the carriage rods or bars 0, as shown more plainlyin Fig. 1.

The bracket or standard 0 consists of one piece or a single uprighthaving a vertical slot 0 with open upper end, as more plainly shown inFig. 19. The bracket or standard 0 consists of a lower fixed part orsection 0 to which is hinged an upper part or section 0 as more plainlyshown in Fig. 19. The hinged section 0 has an outside tubular hub orprojection c ,in which ismounted a tubular sleeve 0, having on itsoutside end, which projects beyond the outer end of the hub 0 athumb-wheel e and on its inner end a collar 0 which abuts against theinner side of bracket-section 0 so as to maintain said sleeve a looselywithin the tubular hub or projection 0 The collar end 0 of sleeve o isprovided with a transverse slot 0, or more than one of these transverseslots 0 may be provided, if desired.

Mounted in sleeve o and in the bottom of the vertical slot 0 of thestandard 0 is the main roller D for the carriage 0, its journal end (Z,entering the sleeve o being provided with a transverse pin d forengagement with the transverse slot 0 on the collar end 0 of sleeve 0,so as to connect said collar 0 and sleeve o with said roller D, in orderthat they may turn or rotate together and for purposes of removing saidroller from the carriage, as hereinafter more fully described.

The thumb-wheel is provided, either integrally or otherwise, with aratchet-wheel 0 which, as shown, preferably overhangs the hub 0 onsection 0. Between the ratchetwheel and the standard-section c, andloose on hub 0 is mounted a collar (1 which is provided with a toothedor ratchet cam d (see more plainly Fig. 22) and an arm (1 upon which ispivoted a thumb pawl or lever downwardly-acting spring e (Z the lowerend (1 of which is inline with and engages with the ratchet-wheel e onthumb-wheel 0 The collar 61 is maintained in its normal position by aspiral spring 61 one end of which is fastened to collar (1 and the otherend to the sleeve 0, or an outer end collar 0 fastened thereto. (See Fi19.) In the standard-section c and in line with the thumb-wheel ratchet0 is a downwardly-acting retaining-pawl 0 the action for said pawl beingobtained by means of a spring or equivalent device c In line with thecollar (Rad jacent to its cam-ratchet d and mounted in thesection-bracket 0 is a screw d which engages with one of the teeth ofthe ratchet-cam d of collar d and limitsits oscillating motion, and inturn the rotary movement of the roller D, to space the lines for thepaper on each roller, as hereinafter more particularly described.

Above the roller D is a second roller E, which may be of any suitableconstruction, as desired; but I prefer to construct and arrange the samefor operation as shownthat is to say, it consists of a rod e, havingthereon at intervals along its length a number of rubber of other,elastic collars e e, which hold themselves in position on rod 6 byfrictional contact, preferably, and yet admit of being adjustedlengthwise on rod eto suit different widths of paper inserted in thepaper-carriage. The free end 6 of rod 6 enters the slot 0 of standard 0and it may be configured, as desired or as shown, for engagement With acatch 6 pivoted at e in a vertical slot e on standard a and providedwith a spring 6, suitably supported in standard 0 which acts to normallykeep the catch 0 in engage ment with the end e of rod 6 to form a bear-'ing therefor. The opposite end 6 of rod (2 is mounted, as shown at 6 ina swivel or forked connection e", pivoted at e in a vertical slot 6 instandard-section o and provided with a (See Fig. 19.) By rotating thethumb-wheel e the roller D is correspondingly moved to feed or move thepaper as desired. By adjusting the screw 61 the limit of oscillation ofthe pawl or lever 61 is altered, as described, to obtain the necessaryspacing for the lines. By mounting the end 6 of roller E in the swivelor hinged connection c" said roller can be raised at its free end e asindicated in Fig. 20, for convenience in inserting and removing thepaper onto and from the carriage. By pivoting the catch 8 and the hingedor swivel connection a in vertical slots in the standards 0 crespectively, any thickness of single paper or any number of sheets ofpapers can be easily and readily inserted between the rollers D and Eand-subjected to pressure of a uniformly-increasing character, so thatthe same will not slip one upon the other as they are fed through therollers. By mounting the end 61 of roller D in the sleeve o it isadapted for easy and quick removal for repairs 01' for substitution, andthis feature provides for the substitution of a soft for a hard facedroller, or vice versa, according to the character of the work to betypewritten.

Adjacent to the front and bottom of roller D is a curved presser-plateF, Figs. 20 and 21, pivoted at f and f to the standard 0 andstandard-section c respectively, and having pressure spring or springs ffor normally maintaining the upper edge f of plate F in contact with theroller D or the paper thereon. If desired, the outer face of plate F atits edge f may be graduated, as shown at f To limit the extent of travelof the carriage 0, adjustable collars f" may be located on one of therods 0 c at one or both ends of the same, as more plainly seen in Fig.20, which collars strike against the sides of the frame A to limit thetravel of the carriage.

To insert the paper in the carriage G, the catch 6 is first withdrawnfrom engagement with the end 6 of rollerE, and the latter, with theroller D, is raised, as indicated by full lines in Fig. 20. The paper isthen placed upon the plate F. The roller D is then dropped intoposition, the end of the paper brought to the top of roller D, and theroller E is returned to its normal position, the catch 6 automaticallyre-engaging itself with the roller E to lock it in position. As thethumb-lever (Z is moved to feed the paper through the rollers D and E,they bot-h rotate to effect such feed, and as the roller E has aforcible pressure on the paper it is prevented from slipping, and as theroller E is made up of a number of separate elastic collars e they canbe adjustedto suit different widths of papers.

Upon the top of the front side of the way a and adjacent to the carriageC are located the underscoring, canceling, or other like marking devicesG, which consists of a pivoted plate g, havin a reacting spring g,suitably connected therewith for maintaining it in its normal position.The plate g has two faces g and g", preferably placed obliquely to oneanother, as shown, and parallel with said faces and located upon the topof plate 9 are are boxes g and g respectively, in which are mounted themarking-wheels g and inkingrollers g These wheels 9 and rollers g in thedifferent boxes may be differently arranged, according to the marking tobe done. Thus, for instance, the wheel 9, when used for underscoring,has its shaft vertically lo cated, as is also that of its inking-roller,as shown at .00, Figs. 1 and 3, and when used for marginal scoring orfor lines running length- Wise of the paper said wheel. and roller havehorizontally-located shafts, as indicated at 1 Figs. 1 and The wheels ghave, preferably, serrated or toothed peripheries to mark a dot ted orbroken line; but in case a full line is desired said peripheries will beunbroken, and an additional toothed wheel is secured to the saidwheel-shafts for engaging with and causing a positive rotation of theinking-rollers, as shown in the drawings. By turning the plate g untileither of its faces 9 g are parallel with the carriage-roller D thewheels 5 come into contact with the paper, and then by either slidingthe carriage O to and fro or by having the thumb-wheel 0 to rotate theroller D and the paper the proper marking on the latter is effected.\Vhen the plate 9 is released, its spring g returns it to its normalposition.

lVhere differentcolored inks are required for underscoring and analogousoperations, more than one plate with marking-wheels g, may used, asshown in Fig. 1, wherein said devices are indicated in their normalposition, Fig. 3 representing one of said devices turned in position foruse.

Suitable openings g" are provided either in the top or in one of thesides of the boxes g adjacent to the inking-rollers 9 for supplying themwith ink. The fastening of the boxes g" g, with contained markingdevices, to the single plate g provides a compact and economical form ofunderscoring devices G, which are easily and quickly placed in positionfor use and which are automatically returned to their normal positions.

H represents the type-wheel, which may be of any suitable construction,preferably having all the characters of a field in a single peripheralrow, and is mounted loosely upon the upper end of a shaft h, restingupon a collar it, fixed on said shaft. The said shaft 71, is mounted ina frame 7L2, rigidly secured to a cross-shaft 7L3, said shaft h passingdown through said frame 7L2 and shaft 7L3 and depending below the shafth as more plainly shown in Fig. let. The top of the frame 71. isprovided with a finger 7%, which enters an a11- nular recess 765 in asleeve 7t 011 shaft 72 To sleeve h is secured a pinion 71F, an eccentricstopping-ratchet 71 and a concentric steadying ratchet-wheel 71.", saidparts being rigidly secured to said sleeve h between top nut h andbottom collar h". The ratchet has teeth of different length graded froman initial point and moving in different paths. It is preferably double,with each part having teeth of different length and graded from aninitial point in opposite directions.

Projecting from the eccentric stoppingratchet h is a crank-pin 7L",which engages the type-wheel by passing through an eccentrically-located opening therein, as more plainly shown in Fig. lit, so thatwhile said type-wheel is free to be raised, as hereinafter described, tobring the different rows of letlers into the field of action it rotatespositively with the pinion 7L and the stopping and steadying rat-chefs7t and it to position the letters or characters of said rows.

1 and I represent the segmental racks meshing with pinion 717. Theseracks are loosely mounted on the crossshaft h and are each provided witha laterally-extending frame it, which is loosely journaled on shaft 7L3.

J represents the movable pawl in front of the stopping-ratchet h, whichpawl J is secured to frame J, also loosely mounted upon cross-shaft hain front of the frame t i, and is provided witha retracting-spring J 2for nor mally keeping the pawl out of engagement with thestopping-ratchet 7L8.

Located upon the cross-shaft h between the racks I and I and theirrespective frame ends 1" area series of tumblers K, one for each keylever B in operation with said racks, and which may be of any suitableconfiguration to actuate said racks I I and the pawl J by contact withtheir frames. I have shown in the drawings (see more plainly Fig. 18)apreferable form of said tumblers, which has a slot 76 open at the rearedge and concentric with the axial support of the tumbler. It also has aforwardly-projecting arm 70 and a segmental gear part 70 on its frontedge, which mesh with consorting teeth 17 on the end b of the key-leverBin connection therewith. The tumbler-arms k rest upon the top of saidkeylevers B, and the upper rear corner of the end I) of said levers Babove their toothed part Z) are made rounding, as shown at 5, for apurpose hereinafter described. The racks I and I each with theirseparate frames t t" are independent of each other, as they are looselymounted 011 the cross-shaft 72 on opposite sides of the shaft h. Theupper part of the edge 70' of the tumblers K, as will be more plainlyseen in Figs. 4 and 18, are normally in contact with or abut against theframe-bars i, while the depth of the tumblerslots 70 is varied in thedifferent tumblers contacting with each frame, as indicated by dottedlines in Fig. 18, so that the bottoms of said slots of the differenttumblers will variously come into contact with the frame J for pawl J tomove it into engagement with the tooth on the ratchet corresponding tothe keylever depressed, said movement of the pawl J occurring at the endof the rotation of the type-wheel in positioning a letter. As the racksI and I are independent of each other, a movement of one rack causes thepinion 7L7 to roll upon the other rack, which remains stationary. Thisrolling movement of the pinion is imparted to the sleeve h, and hence tothe ratchets h h and to the type-wheel, and as this rolling motion isalso a forward movement said parts, together with the typewheel shaftand its supporting-frame 7L2, are propelled toward the carriage C whilethe type-wheel is rotatively moving. In other words, the initialdepression of a key-lever B through the medium of the tumbler edge 75instantly moves one of the racks I or I to impart to the type-wheel acombined axial movement and a vibratory movement toward the carriage C,said combination movement being due to the rolling of the pinion uponeither the rack I or I, as the case may be, which is not being moved.The advantages of this construction are important and quite manifest.WVhen the type-wheel is first rotated and then moved laterally duringthe continuous downward movement of the key, the inertia of the partshas to be overcome,

as follows: first, to start the wheel moving rotatively, then to stopits rotation, then to start it moving laterally; but in the constructionjust described the wheel is started moving both laterally and rotativelysimultaneously, and at the beginning of the stroke of the key-lever whenit receives an impetus from the impact of the finger upon the key, andthe continuous downward movement of the key-lever, which is effected bythe pushing action of the finger, is not retarded by the added work ofovercoming the inertia of the moving parts. It should be noted that inmy construction the initial movement of the type-wheel is a dualmovement-that is, it moves both rotatively and laterally simultaneouslyfrom the start-and that the type-wheel has such dual movement from thebeginning until the type is positioned and then only a lateral movement,and that this entire action is effected by a single mechanism and not bya dual mechanism. Hence the resistance from friction and from overcomingthe inertia of parts is reduced to a minimum, and the chief part of thisresistance is overcome at the beginning of the movement of the key-leverwhen it receives the impact of the fingeia, A further advantage is thatthe action of the machine may be more rapid when the rotary and lateralmovements are effected simultaneously. It will be observed that as anytumbler K commences to act upon a rack-frame i t" the center of axialmotion of the type-wheel and its associated and coincidently-movingpartssuch as the stopping-ratchet h lS moved away from the pawl J; butas the said stopping-ratchet is eccentric and has its lobe normally onthe opposite side of the shaft from the pawl J the teeth of the ratchetwill, as it moves axially and also laterally, pass in close proximity tothe pawl J, which remains stationary until moved at the proper time, andhence it will only require a slight movement of the pawl J to engage anyof the passing teeth of the ratchet 71 The movement of the pawl J iseffected by the bottom of the slot 76 on the tumbler K coming in contactwith the frame J. The axial movement of the type-wheel N is stoppedwhenthe tumbler K has come in contact with the frame J, and thus moves thepawl J into contact with the stopping-ratchet 7L8. After this hasoccurred the continuous movement of the keylever will continue thelateral movement of the type-wheel until said wheel comes in contactwith the platen. As the pawl J has to be moved through only a very shortspace to engage with the eccentric ratchet-teeth, such pawl does notjump or rebound from the ratchet under rapid manipulation and thuspermit the velocity of rotation of the typewheel and eccentric ratchetto carry the latter past the pawl and thereby defeat the positioningofthe letter required; but if the type-wheel and its accompanying ratchetshave made an extended traverse before they are stopped by the pawl J themomentum they have acquired may cause the ratchet to rebound from thepawl J and move backward and then be caught by an improper tooth. Toavoid this, a second pawl L, which is located diametrically across theratchet from the pawl J, is provided. This pawl L is supported by aframe Z, which is loosely journaled on the cross-shaft 7r, so that itmay move independently of that shaft or with it if engaged by otherparts moving with said shaft it A spring Z is in engagement with the framel to hold the pawl L toward the ratchet, and a stop Z on the frame Aholds the pawl from premature engagement with the ratchet. In order forthe pawl I. to engage the ratchet 71. the type-wheel must move forwarduntil the ratchet is brought in contact with said pawl L. The two pawlsJ and L normally stand in line with the lobe of the ratchet with theshaft 72. nearest the pawl J, and as the type-wheel is moved axially andlaterally at the same time and the pawls stand still the lobe of theratchet moves to one side and the shaft approaches the pawl L in astraight line, and both pawls are at all times in the same closeproximity to the teeth of the ratchet. As soon as the pawl J is movedinto contact with the ratchet lt by the bottom of the slot 7; on thetumbler K contacting with the frame J, the ratchet is pressedsimultaneously against the pawl L, which engages a tooth on the oppositeside of the ratchet which points oppositely to the tooth engaged by pawlJ, so that the ratchet is not only stopped, but locked, and cannotrebound from the pawls. The two pawls J and L act like a pair ofpinchers, which grasp the ratchet on opposite sides and in contact withoppositelypointed teeth. This construction is very important, as itinsures the absolute precise and instantaneous stoppage of thetype-wheel. It is illustrated clearly in Figs. 16, 17, and 18. As thetype-wheel has a combined axial and lateral movement from the start, itfollows that the inertia of all the parts moving with the type-wheel inmaking its forward movementmust be overcome at the beginning of thedepression of the key-levers, and to make this action of said levers asdelicate and easy as possible I provide the tumblers K with the arms lethe under straight sides of which rest on the curved ends Z) of thekey-levers, thus obtaining a long leverage at the beginning of thedepression of the key-levers, which long leverage is quickly changed toa short one as the teeth b of levers B mesh with the teeth 7.". oftumblers K, the object of this construction being to obtain aneasystarting movement without lessening the time of the stroke orlengthening the arc of movement of the key-levers materially.

I have shown the tumblers K provided with the teeth 75, the arm 73, andthe lever ends provided with a curved face b and the teeth b, thusgiving a combined cam or wiper and gear movement; but it is evident thatthe tumblers K and the end Z) of levers B may be variously configured toprovide for such described leverage, and I do not therefore desire to belimited to the precise construction shown.

Just before the type-wheel makes the impression one of the notches ofits concentric ratchet-wheel it engages with a fixed pawl Z on the frameof the machine, which steadies the same and holds it against anymovement that might occur through lost motion due to looseness or wearof any of said parts, and thus perfect positioning of the impressionsare secured. Said pawl Z is more plainly shown in Fig. 7, whichillustrates the type wheel in position at the end of its forwardmovement.

The frame 71?, in which the shaft h of the type-wheel II is swiveled, isfixed to the shaft 713, and when the said frame 7L2 and-the partscarried thereby are vibrated by the other actuating parts the shaft 7L3is moved on its journals. Hence to retract said frame 72. and the partswhich are carried by it I put on said shaft a spring Z, which has oneend in engagement with the arm Z, ertendiug from said shaft, and theother end in engagement with a tension-rack l on the frame, (see Fig.11,) and by changing the end of the spring 1*, which is in engagementwith said rack Z from notch to notch,the degree of resistance of saidspring is varied. This spring Z when the operating-keys are released,moves the operating parts back to normal position.

Any suitable form of inking device may be used for the type-wheel. Inthe drawings I have shown an inking-roller I, mounted in a pivotedorswinging arm Z having a stop end 1, which arm is supported upon a rodZ in a bracket Z. (See Figs. 1 and 7.) This inking-roller is vibratedsolely by the vibratory motion of the type-wheel, thereby dispensingwith all mechanism for moving said vibrating roller independent of thevibrating wheel. If desired, the rod I may be provided at both ends witha pivoted inking-roller for different-colored inks to be independentlyused, and by making the arm or rod Z removable from bracket Z thedifferent inking-rollers may be changed for use as desired. In somecases I prefer the form of inking device shown in Fig. 12, wherein theink-roller I is made of soft rubber or other elastic material and has aseparate supply-roller Z, so as to avoid having an undue amount of inkon roller Z and thus preventing blurred impressions. In this case thearm Z has a bifurcated end P for limiting the extent of its swingingmotion, and the rod Z" has a cross-pin P for engagement with the slottedend l of bracket Z to maintain the rod Z in position, whereas in Fig. 7such securement is provided for by the spring-catch 1" entering a grooveZ in the rod Z. The inking -1'oller Z is located in line with thetype-wheel adjacent to the carriage C, so that said type-wheel at ornear the end of its propelling movement ICC) will cause the roller torevolve to ink said letter, and also cause it to fly up out of the wayof the type-wheel as it makes the impression. It will be noted,therefore, that the type-wheel alone actuates the inking-roller Z Therack c of the carriage O meshes constantly with an actuating-pinion n ona shaft N, (see Figs. 8, 11, 20, and 23,) which, as shown, runslengthwise of the machine to one side of the same, as more plainlyindicated in Figs. 1 and 8. Upon the cross-shaft 71 adjacent to shaft N,is a double-faced pawl M, which. is connected to said shaft 711 ,80 asto oscillate with it and yet have a lateral oscillation of its own onsaid shaft. This pawl n has a cam-face n 'in advance of a side flangedface or, which is curved concentric with the axis of the pawl while thecam-face n is eccentric to the axis. The pawl 01. hangs from the shaft71;, parallel with and at one side of the shaft N, adjacent to aratchet-wheel it, which is rigidly secured to said shaft N. This wheel aas more plainly shown in Figs. 11 and 23,is indented with substantiallyparallel-sided notches, and the ends of the teeth thus formed areslanted inwardly, so that one side of the radial notches pawl n tocontact with the end of the longer side a of one of the teeth, andimparts a downward motion to the wheel of and turns the shaft N andwheel a to feed the carriage the necessary space for the letter orcharacter to be printed, which feed is effected before the impression ismade. As soon as the cam end a of the pawl passes off of said tooth thecurved flange or, immediately following on the pawl, enters into theradial notch between said tooth and the succeeding tooth, as shown inFig. 11, and locks said wheel n shaft N, wheel 72, and consequently thecarriage O in position after ithas been positioned to receive theimprint of a letter and continue to hold it while the impression isbeing made. As the shaft 7L3 reversely rocks upon the return of thetype-wheel the pawl is correspondingly moved to cause its flange todisengage itself from wheel H and as the cam end 01 of the pawl passesby the wheel the spring 01 which bears against the top of the pawloscillates or'throws it to one side on shaft 7L3 to its normal position,which is at an angle to shaft 71 for successive action upon the wheel nto effect the further feeding of the paper-carriage.

0 represents a second ratchet-wheel on shaft N, similar in all respectsto wheel it, except that the wheel 0 is provided with a other purposes.

collar 19, against which normally rests a second pawl P, connected at pto a roek-shaftp to rock with said shaft and at the same time be capableof swinging laterally, and provided with a spring ja which acts to movesaid pawl laterally onto or in the direction of said collar. Said pawlhas a lower inside-edge flange p and cam-edge p, the same'as for pawl 02except that the former are located reversely to the latter. In front ofthe wheel 0 stands a spring-guard 19 The pawl Phas a link connection 19with an arm 19 on a cross rock-shaft 19 near the front end of themachine, to which is secured the spacer-har o the same having a suitableretracting-spring p If desired, thelink 1) maybe provided with stop-lugs19 191 and an abutting-roller 19 the latter of which may be of leatheror analogous material to lessen the noise of operation. A depression ofthe spacer-bar p rocks shaft 13 to cause its arm p to draw the link 1)forward and correspondingly oscillate the pawl P and in so oscillatingit passes to the outside of the spring-guard 135 until it passes by thesame, whereupon its spring p swings it laterally toward the wheel, sothat upon the return stroke its cam end 19 and flange 19 act upon theratchet-teeth, as in the case of the pawl 01 and moves the wheel 0 andshaft N with its wheel n to feed the carriage for spacing between words,the flange p on the pawl P locking said parts in position while theimpression is made as it passes through the spaces between the teeth onthe return movement of the pawl P. As the pawl 72 moves the shaft N andfeeds the carriage on the forward movement and the pawl P effects a likeresult on its return stroke, it follows that if e a keylever l5 and thespacer-bar 139 be depressed simultaneously the carriage will first befed before the impression is made, and after it is made it is furtherfed to space between the character or letter so made and the nextsucceeding impression, and in this way the last letter of a word and thespacing between such and the succeeding words can be made at one insteadof by two operations.

The operation of the foregoing-described pawls is easy and delicate andpractically noiseless. It will be noticed that the earriage-rack c isalways in engagement with its actuating-wheel 01; but as the pawldevices a and P are normally out of engagement with the ratchet-wheels nand O the carriage O can be freely moved in either direction for widespacing, underscoring, canceling, or

that both pawls n and P move the shaft N, so that one actuating-wheel nsuccessively :feeds the carriage for spacing for the impressions and forspacing between words or letters orcharacters, as desired.

R and R represent the shifting-keys for the type-wheel, so as to bringits different rows of letters or characters into the field of action.These keys pass through slots 1" in the front plate 9* of the machine,and said It will further be noticed slots are provided with shoulders oroffsets r for holding the keys in. their depressed position when desiredto do so. These keys, together with the keys B, are mounted upon thecross-bar a and their inner ends abut against an arm '1' projecting froma swinging rack r mounted on bar a, which rack meshes with a pinion r ona shaft 0, running lengthwise of the machine and provided with asuitable retracting-spring r for returning said shaft and the coactingparts in connection therewith to their normal positions. The keys R Itare also provided with retracting-springs 7-. (See Fig. 6.) At the rearend of shaft 0' is a downwardly-projccting arm 1' which is bifurcated atits lower end r, and engages with a sliding collar 8, (see Fig. 11,)having a downwardly-projecting arms, with roller .9 for engagementwithin a slot 6 in an arm T, pivoted at its end i to an arm 6 affixed toshaft ha, and provided with a retracting-spring F. The opposite end i ofarm T engages with the type-wheel shaft 7r. A depression of either ofthe keys R R oscillates the rack to rock the shaft 1 and its arm 7',which in turn slides the sleeve 5 on shaft its to rock the arm T toraise the shaft 7L and the type-wheel II to bring the desired row ofcharacters into action. As the sleeve 8 is loose upon shaft 7t and asthe arm T is supported by said shaft, said sleeve and arm rock withshaft its as it is moved, so as to keep said sleeve and arm always inthe line of the type-wheel. shaft h.

It is obvious that the construction and arrangement of the novelfeatures of my invention may be variously provided for without departingfrom the spirit of the same. Hence I do not limit myself to theconstructions and arrangements shown. The tumblers K and the ends 11 ofthe levers B are separated by or work in the slots of the comb V, beingpreferably so arranged that the teeth of said levers and tumblers meshwith each other in the comb, so as to maintain such engagement from endto end of the movement of the toothed parts of the levers and tumblerswithout lateral motion. In other words, there are no side supports forthe joint formed by the tumblers and levers other than the comb, whichprevents said parts from moving later ally, and therebydestroy thealignment. The key-levers 13 are notched on their underside and are hungupon the shaft to. To prevent them from binding upon these supports, acomb V is provided. This comb is placed over the levers and preventsdust and dirt from accumulating at the joint, and also sepaarates andholds the severallevers in place. This is an especially desirableresult, so far as the outer levers are concerned, as it prevents themfrom bending over sidewise or tilting. The comb is placed directlyoverthe shaft or bar a and is secured in place in any desired way.

I do not herein claim a paper-carriage having a tubular roller-bearingwith recess or slotin combination with a roller 1), havlng a pinconnection for engagement with said recess or slot, norsuchaconstruction combined with means for rotating the roller, as such aconstruction formsthesubject-mattcrofapplication, Serial No. 399,780,filed July 16,1891.

lVhat I claim is 1. In a typewriting machine, the combination, with aseries of type-key levers and a paper-carriage, of a shaft free torotate and in operative connection with said carriage, and a ratchetmechanism for rotating said shaft and moving the carriage, the pawlthereof being normally out of engagement with the ratchet and operatedby the type-key levers.

2. In a type-writing machine, the eombina tion, with a series of typekeylevers and a paper-carriage carryinga rack, of a shaft normally free torotate and having a pinion meshing with said rack, and a ratchetmechanism for rotating said pinion and shaft to feed the carriage, thepawl of said ratchet mechanism being normally out of engagement with theratchet and controlled by the key-levers.

3. In a type-writing-machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage anda series of type-key levers, of a shaft in operative eonneetion withsaid carriage and having a ratchet, a rock-shaft under control of saidkey-levers and carrying a type-wheel, and a pawl for said ratchet,whereby the type-wheel and paper-carriage are moved simultaneously.

4. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage anda series of type-key levers, of a shaft in operative eonnection withsaid carriage and having a ratchet, a rock-shaft under control of saidkey-levers and carrying a type-wheel, and a moving and locking pawl forsaid ratchet, whereby the type-wheel is moved toward a platen and at thesame time the carriage is moved one step and then locked until after thetype-wheel has moved against the platen.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a papercarriage, ashaft free to ro tate and in operative connection with said carriage,and a series of type-key levers, of a ratchet on said shaft and arock-shaft carrying a type-wheel and a pawl normally free from saidratchet and engaging therewith when the type-wheel is moved toward aplaten.

6. In a type-writingmachine, the combination, with a spacer-bar, aseries of type-keylevers, and a paper-carriage, of a shaft normally freeto rotate in either direction and having operative connection with saidcarriage, a ratchet-and-pawl mechanism under the control ofthetype-keylevers, and a second ratchet-and-pawl mechanism under thecontrol of the spacer-bar for aetuati n g said shaft to feed thecarriage, said pawls being normally disengaged from said ratchets.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combina-' tion, with a series oftype-key levers, a spacerbar, and a paper-carriage, of a shaft free torotate and having operative connection with said carriage, arocker-shaft carrying a type- ITO wheel and under the control of thetype-keylever, a ratchet mechanism connecting said carriage-operatingshaft and the rock-shaft, and a second ratchet mechanism under thecontrol of the spacer-bar. o

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a series of type-keylevers, a spacerbar, and a paper-carriage, of a shaft normally free torotate in either direction and in operative connection with saidcarriage, a ratchetand-pawl mechanism under the control of the type-keylevers, and a second ratchet and pawl under the control of thespacer-bar, said pawl being normally disengaged from said ratchets andsaid ratchet mechanism operating snccessivelyin the order mentioned uponsaid shaft to give the carriagetwo successive impulses.

9. In a typewritiug machine, the combination, with a series of type-keylevers and a paper-carriage, of a shaft having operative connection withsaid carriage, a ratchet mechanism the ratchet of which is on saidshaft, and the pawl on a moving part under control of the type-keylevers and normally out of engagement with the ratchet.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a series oftype-key levers and a paper-carriage, of a shaft free to rotate and inoperative connection with said carriage, a ratchet mechanism the ratchetof which is on said shaft, and a pawl normally out of contact with saidratchet and on a moving part under control of the type-key levers.

11.. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a series oftype-key levers and a carriage having a rack, of a shaft free to rotateand having a pinion meshing with said rack, and a ratchet mechanism theratchet of which is on the said shaft and the pawl on a moving partunder control of the type-key levers and normally out of engagement'withthe ratchet.

12. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriageand spacer-bar, of a shaft normally free to rotate and in operativeconnection with said carriage and having a ratchet, and a pawl undercontrol of the spacer-bar and which is normally disengaged from saidratchet and normally out of contact with said ratchet when thespacer-bar is depressed and engages and moves said ratchet while saidspacerbar is returning to its normal position.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage,of a shaft normally free to rotate and in operative connection with saidcarriage and having a ratchet,

a spacer-bar having a spring for returning it to its normal positionwhen depressed, and a pawl normally out of engagement with said ratchetand connected to said spacer-bar by a link which moves said pawl inengagement with said ratchet when the spacer-bar is depressed and causessaid pawl to move said ratchet when the spacer-bar is returning to itsnormal position.

14:. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriageand a spacerbar, of a shaft having mechanism thereon for moving saidcarriage, a ratchet for rotating said shaft and having a spring-guard,and a rocking pawl which passes outside said guard when the spacer-baris depressed and between the guard and ratchet while the spacerbar isreturning to its normal position.

15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage-feedingshaft having a ratchet, a guard for said ratchet, a pawl having acam-edge and a lateral flange, and a finger-lever controlling said pawl.

16. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper-carriage,of a shafthaving mechanism thereon for moving said carriage, a ratchetfor rotating said shaft, and a pawl for moving said ratchet, having acam-face which acts upon the teeth of said ratchet.

17. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper-carriage,of a shaft having mechanism thereon for moving said carriage, a ratchetfor rotating said shaft, having angular teeth with radial notches at thebase of said teeth, and a pawl for moving and locking said ratchet,having a cam-face which acts upon said teeth and a flange-face whichengages said radial notches.

18. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage,of a shaft having mechanism thereon for moving said carriage, a ratchetfor rotating said shaft, having angular teeth with radial notches at thebase of said teeth, and a pawl for moving and locking said ratchet,having a cam-face to act upon said teeth and a flange-face to engagesaid radial notches and which pawl is normally out of engagement withsaid ratchet.

19. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with apaper-carriage anda series of type-key levers, of a shaft having mechanism thereon formoving said carriage, a ratchet for rotating said shaft having angularteeth with radial'notches at the base of said teeth, and a pawl formoving and locking said ratchet and having a cam-face to act upon saidteeth and a flange-face to engage said radial notches and is operated bythe action of any of said type-key levers.

20. In atype-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage anda series of type-key levers, of a shaft having mechanism thereon formoving said carriage, a ratchet for rotating said shaft having angularteeth with radial notches at the base of said teeth, and a pawl normallyout of engagement with and for moving and locking said ratchet andhaving a cam-face to act upon said teeth and a flange-face to engagesaid radial notches and is operated by the action of any of saidtype-key levers.

21. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage, atype-wheel, a series of type-key levers, a rock-shaft carryin g saidtype-wheel and operated by said key-- levers, and a shaft for movingsaid carriage, of a pawl on said rock-shaft and moving therewith andhaving a cam-face and a flange-face thereon, and a ratchet on saidearriage-moving shaft for rotating the same,which is moved and locked bythe action of said pawl when any of the said type-key levers areoperated.

92. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage, atype-wheel, a series of type key-levers, and a spacing-lever, of arock-shaft carrying the type-wheel and operated to impress thetype-wheel by the downward stroke of the type-key levers, aconnecting-pawl carried by said rock-shaft and forwardly actuated duringthe downward movement of the typekey levers, a second rock-shaftoperated by the spacer-lever,a second cam-acting pawl carried by saidsecond rock-shaft and forwardly actuated as the spacer-lever is movingup, a shaft for moving the papercarriage, and two ratchet-wheels on saidcarriage-moving shaftand for rotatingthe same, one of which is actuatedby the pawl controlled by the key-levers and the other by the pawlcontrolled by the spacer-levers.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper-carriage,the type-key levers, and a shaft in gearing with the papercarriage, of aratchet on said shaft and a pawl moved by said key-levers for actingupon said ratchet and having a cam-face and a laterally-acting joint onits axis, whereby it can swing laterally while moving axially to engagesaid ratchet.

24. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with rotatingpaper-carriage-moving shaft and a ty 'ie-wheel-movin g rock-shaft atright angles to said carriage-moving shaft, of a ratchet on saidcarriage-moving shaft for rotating the same, and a pawl on saidtypewheel-moving rock-shaft for moving said ratchet.

25. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a rotatingpaper-carriage-moving shaft and a type-wl'leel-moving rock-shaft atright angles to said carriage-movin g shaft,of a ratchet 011 saidcarriage-moving shaft for rotating the same and having angular teethwith radial notches at the base of said teeth, and a pawl on saidtypc-wheel-moving rockshaft for moving said'ratchet, having a camfacefor acting on said teeth and a flange for engaging said notches.

26. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with rotatingpaper-carriage-moving shaft and a type-wheel-moving rock-shaft at rightangles to said carriage-moving shaft, of a ratchet on saidcarriage-moving shaft for rotating the same having angular teeth withradial notches at the base of said teeth, and a sprin g-resistedlaterallymovable pawl on said typ e-wheel-moving rock-shaft for movingsaid ratchet, having a cam-face for acting on said teeth and a flangefor engaging said notches.

27. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a rock-shaftcarrying the typewheel and at right anglesto thetype-keylevers,

and a rotating shaft for moving the paper carriage and at right anglesto said rock-shaft, of a ratchet on said carriage moving shaft havingangular teeth with radial notches at their base, and a pawl on saidrock-shaft moving with the same and movable pivotallylongitndinally ofsaid shaft and having on its forward acting face a cam for acting uponsaid ratchet-teeth and on its rear face a flange concentric with saidrock-shaft for engagingsaid radial notches and type-key levers whichrock said rock-shaft.

28. In a type-writing machine, the combination, witha rock-shaft atright angles to the type -key lever, and a rotating shaft for moving thepaper-carriage and at right angles to said rock-shaft, of a ratchet onsaid carriage-moving shaft having angular teeth with radial notches attheir base, and a pawl on said rockshaft moving with the same andmovable pivotally longitudinally of said shaft and having on its forwardacting face a cam for acting upon said ratchet-teeth and on its rearface a flange concentric with said rock-shaft for engaging said radialnotches and a finger-lever for rocking said rock-shaft.

29. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel andmechanism for rotatingand vibratingsaid wheel and type-key levers, oftumblers acting upon said meehan- I ism to both rotate and vibrate saidwheel and in changing contact with said levers, whereby the leverage iscompounded and made variable during the downward movement of thekey-levers.

30. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel,mechanism for both rotating and vibrating said type-wheelsimultaneously, and type-key levers, of tumblers acting upon saidrotating and vibrating mechanism and having arms K in changing contactwith said key-levers when the latter are depressed.

31. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel andits immediate actuatingconnections, and type-key levers for actuatingsaid actuating connections, of tumblers having arms 7.; changeablycontacting with said key-levers and having gear-teeth k engaging liketeeth Z) on said key-levers.

32. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type-wheel,mechanism for both propelling it toward the roller or platen androtating it during such propelling movement, and key-levers foractuating said mechanism by a changeful leverage, substantially as setforth.

In a type-writing machine, the combination of key-levers having abearing-face b and teeth I), and the tumblers K, having arm 7.: andteeth substantially as set forth.

3%. In a type-writer, the combination of a type-wheel, driving-racks II, having frames ii, ratchet-pawl J, having frame J supporting shaft7L3, tumblers K, and key-levers B, sub stantially as set forth.

35. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a series oftype-key levers, of a type-wheel, a ratchet for stopping the axialmovement of said type-wheel, mechanism for moving said type-wheel andhaving an operating-frame, a pawl for engaging said ratchet and havinganoperating-frame, and a series of tumblers connected with saidkey-levers for actuatingboth of said frames, which act upon the typewheelmoving frame continuously during their movement and upon thepawlmoving frame at varying later points in their movement.

36. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a series oftype-key levers, of a type-wheel, a ratchet for stopping the axialmovement of said type-wheel, an operatingframe, a pawl for engaging saidratchet and having'an operative frame, and a series of tumblersconnected'with said key-levers for actuating both of said frames, whichact upon the type-whecl-moving frame continuously during their movementand with varying leverage and upon the pawl-moving frame at varyinglater points in their movement.

37. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a series oftype-key levers, of a type wheel, a ratchet for stoppingthe axialmovement of said type-wheel, mechanism for moving said type-wheel andhaving an operating-framaa pawl for engaging said ratchet and having anoperating-frame, and a series of tumblers connected with said key-leversfor actuating both of said frames and having uniformly positioned andbearing faces 7t" and variably-positioned bearing-faces 70, whichbearing-faces act,.respectively, upon the typewheel moving framecontinuously during their movement and upon the pawl-moving frame atvarying later points in their movement.

38. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel whichmoves axially at the same time it moves laterally, and an eccentricratchet which moves coincidently with saidtype-wheel, of a pawl forengaging said ratchet which stands in the. plane of lateral movement ofsaid ratchet and remains stationary while the said ratchet moves axiallyand laterally from or toward said pawl, and thereby passes its teeth inuniform proximity to said pawl, and mechanism for moving said pawl intocontact with said ratchet as any desired tooth comes opposite said pawl.

39. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel, of aratchet which moves axially .coincidently with said typewheel and hasteeth of different length graded froman initial point, and a pawl actingupon said ratchet.

40. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel, ofan. eccentric ratchet which moves axially coincidently with said wheeland has teeth of differing length graded from an initial point, and apawl acting upon said ratchet.

41. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel, of aratchet that moves axially coincidently with said wheel and has teeth ofdiffering length graded from an initial point, which move in differentpaths, and a pawl which engages said ratchet.

42. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel whichmoves axially in opposite directions from an initial point, of a doubleratchet, each part of which has teeth of differing length graded from aninitial point, and a pawl which engages said ratchet.

43. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel whichmoves axially in opposite directions from an initial point, of a doubleratchet which moves axially coincidently with said wheel and has theteeth of each of its parts correlatively positional of differentlengths, graded oppositely from an initial point, and moving indifferent paths, and a pawl for engaging said ratchet.

44. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with alaterally-vibrating shaft, of a type-Wheel which moves axiallyconcentrically with said shaft, a ratchet-wheel which moves axiallycoincidently with said typewheel and has teeth of differing lengthgraded from an initial point, and a pawl which engages said ratchet.

45. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with alaterally-vibrating shaft, of a type-wheel which moves axiallyconcentrically with said shaft in opposite directions from an initialpoint, a double ratchet which moves axially coincidently with said wheeland has the teeth of each part thereof of V differing length graded froman initial point,

and a pawl which engages said ratchet.

46. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a rotating andlaterally-vibratin g shaft, of a type wheel which moves axiallyconcentrically with said shaft, a ratchet which moves axiallycoincidently with said typewheel and has teeth of ditferin g lengthgraded from an initial point, and a pawl which engages said ratchet.

47. In a type writing machine, the combination, with a rotating andlaterally-vibrating shaft, of a type-wheel which moves axiallyconcentrically with said shaft in opposite directions from an initialpoint, a double ratchet which moves axially eoincidently with said wheeland has the teeth of each part thereof of differing length graded froman initial point, and a pawl which engages said ratchet.

48. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with alaterally-vibrating shaft, of a type-wheel which moves axiallyconcentrically with said shaft, vibrates laterally with said shaft, isshiftable in the direction of said shaft, and moves in oppositedirections axially from an initial point, a double ratchet, the teeth ofeach part of which are of differing length graded from an initial point,moves axially coincidently with said wheel, is in operative connectionto stop said wheel, and has the teeth of each part thereof moving inseparate paths, and a pawl for engaging said III) ratchet which has agraduated movement inversely proportional to the movement of saidratchet.

49. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with arotatin g andlaterally-vibrating shaft, of a type-wheel which moves axiallyconcentrically with said shaft, vibrates laterally with said shaft, isshiftable in the direction of said shaft, and moves in oppositedirections axiallyfrom an initial point, a double ratchet, the teeth ofeach part of which are of differing lengths graded from an initialpoint, moves axially coincidently with said wheel, is in operativeconnection to stop said wheel, and has the teeth of each part thereofmoving in separate paths, and a pawl for engaging said ratchet which hasa graduated movementinverselyproportional to the movement of saidratchet.

50. In a type-writing machine, the combi nation, with alaterally-vibratin g shaft, of an axially-moving type-wheel carried bysaid shaft, a ratchet for arresting the axial movement of said wheelwhich has an axial movement coincident with said wheel and has teeth ofdiffering length graduated from an initial point, apawl for engagingsaid ratchet, operating mechanism for actuating said typewheel, shaft,and pawl, and a system of keylevers for actuating said operatingmechanism.

51. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type-wheel which islaterally vibrated to produce an impression of its type upon a pad orpaper and is moved axially more or less in opposite directions from aninitial point to position a letter or character, a ratchet for arrestingthe axial movement of the type-wheel at any degree thereof and which hasoppositely-toothed faces, the teeth of both faces being of difieringlength and graded from a common initial point which coincides with theinitial point of axial movement of the wheel, a pawl for engaging saidratchet which has a varying movement inversely proportional to thevarying axial movement of said wheel, operating mechanism for impartingboth the axial and vibrating motions to the wheel and the varyingmovement to the pawl, and a system of keylevers for actuating saidoperating mechanism.

52. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel whichmoves axially variably in opposite directions from an initial point toposition its type and laterally to impress its positioned type, aratchet for arresting the axial movement of said wheel at any degreethereof and which has oppositely-toothed faces, the teeth of both facesbeing of differing length and graded from a common initial point whichcoincides with the initial point of axial motion of said wheel, and apawl for engaging said ratchet which has a varying movement inverselyproportional to the varying axial motion of said wheel,of operatingmechanism for imparting the aforesaid movements to the said pawl andtype-wheel, and a series of key-levers for actuating said vibratingmechanism to impart said varying action to said pawl and wheel and whichmove like distances to. effect their purposes.

53. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel havingall the characters of a field in a single peripheral row which movesaxially to position a type and laterally to impress said type, ofmechanism for moving said type-wheel laterallyand axiallysimultaneously, and mechanism for stopping the axial movement of thewheel where the proper type is positioned without retarding orinterfering with the lateral movement.

54. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type-wheel whichmoves axially to position a type and vibrates laterally to impress saidtype, actuating mechanism which moves said typewheel laterally, andthereby imparts to it a simultaneous axial movement until said axialmovement is prevented, and then continues the said lateral movementuntil the type-wheel strikes the platen, a doublefaced eccentric ratchetconnected to and moving coincidently with said type-wheel, two pawlsarranged on diametrically-opposite sides of the center of axial movementof said ratchet, which remain stationary until the proper type is to bepositioned, and then en gage said ratchet substantially simultaneouslyon opposite sides and in oppositelypointed teeth, and then movelaterally together with said type-wheel and key-levers, andconnecting-gearing for imparting said ,movements to said type-wheel,ratchet, and

pawls while any one of them is being depressed.

55. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type-wheel whichmoves axially to position a type and vibrates laterally to impress saidtype, actuating mechanism which moves said type-wheel laterally, andthereby imparts to it a simultaneous axial movement until said axialmovement is prevented, and then continues the saidlateral movement untilthe type-wheel strikes the platen, a doublefaced eccentric ratchetconnected to and moving coincidently with said type-wheel, two pawlsarranged on diametrically-opposite sides of the centerof axial movementof said ratchet, which remain stationary until the proper type is to bepositioned, and then engage said ratchet substantially simultaneously onopposite sides and in oppositelypointed teeth, and then move laterallytogether with said type-wheel, a papercarriage, a shaft and pinion formoving said carriage, a pawl-and-ratchet device for moving said shaftwhich is operated during the forward vibratory movement of thetype-wheel and key-levers, and connecting-gearing for imparting saidmovements to said type-wheel, ratchet, pawls, shaft, and carriage whileany one of them is being depressed.

56. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a rotating oroscillating type-wheel,

a pawl for arresting the rotation of the wheel, and a second pawl actingupon the same ratchet forarrestin g rebounding of said wheel,substantially as set forth.

57. In a type-writing machine, the combination of key-levers, a rotatingtype-wheel, and a single mechanism under the control of said key-levers,which mechanism rotates said wheel and at the same time vibrates ittoward the platen or roller.

58. In a type-writing machine, the combination of key-levers, a rotatingwheel, and a single mechanism which initially vibrates the wheel towardthe platen or roller, and simultaneously rotates the type-wheel.

59. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a type-wheel, apinion connected with said type-wheel, and two toothed racks which arein simultaneous engagement with said pinion for rotating and vibratingit at the same time, one of said racks moving by the other to cause themotion of the type-wheel.

60. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a shaft, a type-wheeland pinion carried by said shaft, and two racksin engagement with saidpinion and adapted to simultaneously rotate and laterally vibrate saidtypewheel.

61. The combination, with type-key levers, of a type-wheel shaft, apinion on said shaft, segmental racks on either side of and meshing withsaid pinion, and driving mechanism under the control of the key-leversfor propelling the racks to cause the wheel-shaft to move toward theplaten and rotate during such movement, substantially as set forth.

62. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel havingaxial movement and an eccentric ratchet, and a concentric ratchet-wheelmoving coincidently with said type-wheel, of arresting-pawls, two forthe eccentric ratchet and one for the concentric ratchet-Wheel.

63. The combination of type-wheel shaft 71, sleeve 7t on said shaft,pinion If, an eccentric ratchet and a concentric ratchet-wheel on saidsleeves, and two arresting-pawls for said eccentric ratchet and a thirdpawl acting on such concentric ratchet, substantially as set forth.

Get. The combination of shaft 763, supporting a type-wheel andtype-wheel shaft 71, a pinion 71 on shaft 71, racks I I, with frames it,loosely supported on shaft 7L3 and engaging said pinion-arrest-in gpawls J and L, loosely supported on shaft h tumblers K on said shaft 71engaging said tumblers, and key-levers B, substantially as set forth.

65. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel havingaxial and vibratory movement and an eccentric ratchet, and a concentricratchet-wheel moving coincidently with said type-wheel, ofarrestingpawls, two for the eccentric ratchet and one for the concentricratchet-wheel.

66. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the cross-shaft aand" the key-levers loosely hung upon said shaft, of a comb orseparating device 7, applied to the top of said levers above theirpivots.

67. In a paper-carriage C, the combination of a roller D and a second orbearing roller E, consisting of a bar having at intervals along itslength the adjustable rollers 6', adj ustable laterally and normallyheld in place by friction, substantially as set forth.

68. In a paper-carriage, the combination, with a hinged roller D and ahinged roller E, which is supported in adjustable bearings, of a catchfor engaging said roller E and holding both rollers in place.

69. In a papercarriage, the combination of a hinged roller D and aroller E, journaled at one end in a hinged bearing and having a catch atthe opposite end, substantially as set forth.

70. In a paper-carriage, the combination of a slotted standard 0 thehinged rollers D and E,and catch e ,pivoted in an elongated slot 6 instandard 0 and having a reacting spring, substantially as set forth.

71. In a paper-carriage, the combination of a standard 0 having anelongated slot e a journal 6 pivoted in said slot, at reacting springfor said journal, a roller E, supported at one end in hearing or journal6 and a spring-catch at the opposite end of roller E, substantially asset forth.

72. In a paper-carriage, the combination of a rotating roller E, hingedat one end and free at its other end, and the removable roller D,substantially as set forth.

73. In a paper-carriage, the combination, with thehinged rollers D andE, of the presserplate F, substantially as set forth.

74. In a paper-carriage, the combination, with the paper roller orplaten, of a sleeve or collar (1 having ratchet-cam d and pawl d and adjListing-screw for said ratchet-cam, substantially as set forth.

75. In a paper-carriage, the combination of a tubular sleeve o havingturning wheel with ratchet 0 a collar 01 having cam-ratchet d and lever(31 for engagement with ratchet 0 a retaining-pawl o" for ratchet 0",and an adjusting-screw d for cam-ratchet (Z substantially as set forth.

76. In a type-writing machine underscoring or analogous device, thecombination, with a pivoted plate, of separate boxes containingmarking-wheels and ink-rollers or supplies and said marking-wheels inthe separate boxes being arranged in different planes, substantially asset forth.

77. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the pivoted plateg, of boxes g g one containing a vertically-located and the other ahorizontally-located marking-wheel with ink-supply, substantially as setforth.

78. In a type-writer, the combination, with the plate 9, havingoppositely-inclined faces,

IIO

of marking-wheel boxes with ink-supplies on said plate, and a reacting;spring for the plate, substantially as set forth.

7%). In combination with a type-Wheel and its shaft, a supportingcrossshaft 71, levers R R, and devices interposed between said leversand mechanism supported on shaft 7L3 and the lower end of the typewheelshaft for raising the latter and the type-Wheel, sub stantially as setforth.

80. In combination with a cross-shaft 71 the type-Wheel and its shaftsupported on shaft it mechanism mounted on shaft 72,3 and in engagementWith the lower end of the typewheel shaft, and separate key-levers andactua'ting devices for said mechanism on shaft 7L3 for raising thetype-wheel and its shaft, substantially as set forth.

GEORGE O. BLICKENSDERFER.

Witnesses:

J OHN RODGERS, S. J. VAN STAVOREN.

